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Determining Function

Deciding on the right layout for your kitchen is a personal decision — each individual or family uses the kitchen differently. Think about your workflow in terms of everyday function and social use. Architect Hiromi Ogawa recommends thinking about how you use your kitchen, how many people cook there at the same time, if your kitchen is also an entertaining or social space, and what your long- and short-term goals are for the kitchen.
by Charles DeLisle  
After you've decided on your wish list, take a good look at what can actually fit into your kitchen. "Some things, like islands, require a lot of space and just don't work in narrower spaces," says Ogawa. "Refrigerators can only fit in certain areas, and the kitchen layout's relationship to windows and doors is also a big priority."
by modern house architects  
Architect Amy Alper suggests thinking about your personal preference — do you want an open or closed-off kitchen? While open kitchens have become trendy, a closed-off one can maximize wall storage and hide clutter after meals.
by John Lum Architecture, Inc. AIA  
Counter Space

Focus on your sink when deciding on your workflow. "The linchpin of the kitchen is the sink," says architect Heather McKinney. "That's where you spend the most time, and where it is most likely that you will want either a good view to the outside or a good connection to the social spaces in the house — or both."

Aim to have at least 18 inches of counter space on either side before putting in other appliances — with the exception of an undercounter dishwasher, of course, which works perfectly right next to the sink.
by Smith & Vansant Architects PC  
Alper likes to provide as long a counter as possible, but finds that 36 to 42 inches of workspace is workable. Don't forget to put counters around the refrigerator too, so there's room to set down items when raiding the fridge. "Elbow room on either side of a range or cooktop is important too," Alper says.
by Cameo Kitchens, Inc.  
Of course, the function of the counter or island space depends on how a chef uses the kitchen. While Alper likes putting a cooktop on an island, so the cooking is integrated into socializing, others like that space to be completely clear.
by Birdseye Design
"Some chefs are very labor intensive and need lots of space for baking and food prep," says McKinney. "But I have also seen remarkable meals come out of minuscule kitchens. In fact, you could make a case that some kitchens have too much counter space, which then becomes a layout space for paperwork."
by Powell Construction
Walkway and Flow

Note your entrances and exits when determining your layout. "Exits and entrances can really wreak havoc on an efficient layout," says McKinney. "We work hard to organize circulation to give a cook some dedicated workspace out of the general circulation flow."
by Justrich Design  
Ogawa suggests staying between two and three exits — more than that makes things complicated and cuts into counter space and storage. "Two ways in and out of the kitchen keeps a nice flow, especially during parties," agrees Alper. "But it's all about looking at the big picture. Design your kitchen to include the furniture layout in the adjacent rooms."
by Kenny Grono  
Both Ogawa and Alper suggest making the walkway for a double-sided workspace a minimum of 4 feet wide — just avoid placing appliances directly across from each other to keep the pathway clear. For a single-sided workspace, stick to 3 feet minimum. If you have a kitchen island, Ogawa suggests aiming for straight access through the kitchen so no one has to navigate around it.

See more kitchen space-planning and remodeling tips.
by Shuffle Interiors  

Comments

Expert House Buyer Wow, these are all beautiful kitchens! And I really like that they're all kitchen that look well-used and much-loved
6 months ago ·
Nicole White Designs Inc Great, great tips! So true that an island isn't for everyone - especially when space is at a premium.
6 months ago · ·
Mueller Nicholls Cabinets and Construction Very good point about limiting entrances and exits - many of the kitchens we remodel were designed or built by people who did NOT keep that in mind! Wouldn't it be interesting to see an article about the same topic from a century ago?
6 months ago · ·
brasilpaint Maybe it is "out of the picture" but the kitchen in the second example seems to have no counter space next to the fridge. Leaves no room to set anything down.
5 months ago · ·
Akilova Nigora I love in Shuffle interiors and it would be so great to have like kitchen.
5 months ago ·
Studio 3 kitchens In my experience in the UK void Architects and use kitchen design specialists, of the numerous times an architect has been involved problems always arise.
5 months ago · ·
Fine Art & Portraits by Laurel Excellent tips, and I appreciate the designer's recognition that an open kitchen is a fad, and isn't the only desirable option. I love cooking, but once I serve the meal, I don't want to see the place.
5 months ago · ·
Pamela Foster & Associates, Inc. The second photo with the refrigerators all in a row looks good, but would not be a design I would use. It does not provide countertop space beside any of these hard-working appliances. That means the cook/s have to carry food and baked goods from this location to a countertop space across a walk area.
5 months ago · ·
Howard Wiggins Interior Design Were are the colors ?
5 months ago ·
astraea I have a real problem with “clean walls” of closed cabinets, where there’s no counter space to put something down. While one designer recommends counter space, another doesn’t have it conveniently located. How inconvenient when you grocery shop, and have to put everything on the counter opposite the refrigerator, and keep turning around to pick things up to put them into the fridge!

And that 2nd photo, with a wall of what look like multiple ovens .. how high is that microwave? How save is it- unless the residents are 7’ tall – to take a boiling cup of water or other hot food out, above shoulder height or eye level?!

Love some of the other kitchens, but wonder where they’re located .. open windows without screens?! My house would be full of flies & God knows what else, if I did that even for a few minutes!
5 months ago · ·
M_C Meinert Gorgeous kitchens. For safety concerns, I prefer the cook top to be against an inside wall, and never in an island. Too stressful keeping small children and pets out of the thick of things. And i absolutely MUST have some counter space on at least one side of the refridgerator and on at least one side of the double oven. True, not as aesthetically pleasing, but far more functional.
5 months ago · ·
Marrokal Design and Remodeling Thanks for providing great tips and guidelines! Because design is subjective kitchens should be tailored to each individual clients needs and desires, It's important to understand how one will use the space, then appropriate recommendations can be made.
5 months ago · ·
rsylvestri Some very nice kitchens, as a builder with the new casement type windows the screens are on the inside..so no flies ;)
5 months ago ·
astraea @RSylvestri - My house is full of casement windows, with the screens on the inside .. but that kitchen photo doesn't show screens .. probably because it "looks nicer" without!
5 months ago · ·
jtrbug I agree that not all kitchens are made for islands. However, I love the long prep space. I chose to cheat in my narrowish kitchen by using 12" open shelving on one wall to gain space for an island that is parallel to sink and cooktop. I opted not to have eat in space in the kitchen proper, but opened up an adjacent room (annexed from former living room) to act as casual dining space and additional kitchen storage. Every kitchen is a battle ground for efficiency and budget. I had to give up a cozy relationship between cooktop and double ovens because on one wall was all the electric wires going down to the basement junction box and the other wall was part of the cold air return system. For someone else, this plan might seem off, but it works for me and truly, that is the best you can hope for!
5 months ago ·
prospera Maybe it is the angle, but from the photo 2nd from the bottom, it appears the refrigerator opens right into the counter top. Even if it doesn't, it seems too close to it to even stand near it to load and unload. My cabinet designer was very careful about this and moved our island over so there would be adequate space for just this problem.
5 months ago · ·
enzawannabee I love the fourth kitchen. It's warm and inviting and lots of space to walk around and work in. It's also not uncluttered....kitchens that are used have things on the counter (but no crumbs!)
5 months ago · ·
Mona I love these layouts. We stood in our kitchen when it was gutted and ensured that two to three people could fit in it at one time. We lengthened the countertop for 4 seats, slanted the entry for easy flow into the dining room. We were concerned that it may be too open design, so we lengthened a wall which has the fireplace on the opposite side to provide just enough privacy in the dining room/living room areas. It takes a long thought process to plan the space to how your family will use it. We have grandchildren, so it was imperative that the flow be conducive to running babies everywhere. It works fabulous!
5 months ago · ·
PamDesigns 3D I agree that workflow and lifestyle go hand in hand. Making choices that work for the user is key, but sometimes space and budget create limitations that dictate compromises. It's really important that these constraints do not lead to choices that lead to safety or functional issues. I'm looking at kitchen #2 with the microwave on a shelf perched high above a double oven on a wall of appliances that don't appear to have any counter top landing area anywhere near. While it's great to have all of those appliances (and in fact the owner may have need of them all), it seems that function and safety have been sacrificed. It isn't clear how these diverse-use appliance have any connection to one another in terms of workflow scenarios I can think of except that they needed to find a home in a limited space and they look cool.
5 months ago · ·
frenchdecor Excellent article. One essential thing I'd like to add regarding closed off kitchens. Keeping in noise and smell for me far more important than anything. I had before closed kitchen where food would burn to ashes before I could smell it in the rest of the house, now I wake up with first kitchen "user". My family members complain watching TV and increasing volume. I don't know how people can socialize while cooking in open concept. Our "socializing" sounds like conversation between stupid and half deaf. Plus I battle the smell with everything I can use and very seldom cook something fry and smelly. Can't close off the kitchen because in one side 1 opening (stairs/living room) and 2 doors (out and basement) and 2nd opening on the other side to dining room (darn architect) in 11x12' kitchen!!! and actually leaves me with 8x12' useful space.
5 months ago · ·
Cindy I like to keep my sink and stove top in the same counter run. This prevents dripping water when washing vegetables or moving pots of water. It also prevents spillage on the floor that may cause slipping when you are busy in the kitchen.
5 months ago · ·
astraea When I was house-hunting, I was pretty sure I wanted a separate/closed off kitchen, so the noise, smells & mess wouldn't be seen by company. But I found a house that had been opened up, and decided I really liked it. The kitchen isn't totally open, and a dinette is between it & the great room, so there is a separation. Since I usually prepare as much ahead as I can, and then reheat when company arrives, there's never that much "mess" to worry about! If the walls look a different color, it's because the photo on the left is "before", and the one on the right is "after" I painted.
5 months ago · ·
Clare White - Clockwise Design Great article because every word is how kitchens should be designed.
5 months ago · ·
Elisabeth Clark Better check how the refrigerator opens before presenting finished photo
5 months ago ·
ajnz833 the best functioning and thought out kitchen is the one by Kenny Grono - BRAVO. My personal preference -I would add a 4door refrigerator, much easier to use when situated with an island/worktop in front of it (better clearance for fridge door and you).
5 months ago ·
Pamela Foster & Associates, Inc. The Grono kitchen lacks proper work space by the sink. Unless there is a second sink with at least 24" counter space on each side, this kitchen would be hard to work in.
5 months ago ·
frenchdecor In Grono kitchen 24" deep counter better to be about 1' farther from the door for easy access. We had that problem before.
5 months ago ·
jamma33 also, remember if you have "double" ovens, they don't have to be right next to each other. I have one in the wall with a microwave above it, and the other in my island and love it. The one in my island is lower so I like to use it for things like cookies, etc. so I'm not lugging out the huge turkey.
5 months ago ·
prospera The Grono kitchen also has the fridge door opening in the wrong direction. For me, this would be the most difficult kitchen to work in. It may be the constraints of space involved, but isn't the door reversible? I would have made the island shorter for clearance.

It helps to have had what I considered the most poorly designed kitchen on the planet to be able to design the best one. I had the refrigerator opening into the dishwasher, a whole bank of cabinets that I had to put on kneepads and climb a tile counter to get into, one cabinet I couldn't even get into, and wasted space (because of box cabinets) everywhere.

The kitchen LOOKED beautiful, but was a nightmare to work in. It did help me design the one I wanted, though, that is a dream to work in, so it served it's purpose.

I eliminated the double oven that came with this house and put a Miele speed oven where the microwave would have been. I have a warming drawer between that and the regular convection oven. It works really well. I do like the suggestion of splitting the ovens, but had to choose between that and a space for a pop-up mixer and pull out recycle and trash bins. The trash pull out is about my favorite thing in a kitchen full of wonders. My last kitchen had NO place for trash can except blocking the little cabinet space I had.
5 months ago · ·
astraea @Jamma33 - Often double ovens come with "integrated" controls, and to get 2 physically separate ovens may be more expensive, because each has totally separate controls.

@Prospera - My new home also has a pull-out for trash & recycling .. something I didn't think I'd like, but got used to & find very convenient! In my previous house, the garbage can was out-of-sight inside a broom closet.
5 months ago ·
prospera One reason I separated the ovens ( even though more costly) was that in my previous house, one of the ovens double oven gave out right after the warranty did. Because it was a built in, I had to replace both. This way, only one has to be replaced when it breaks. I always use one more than the other. If you can budget it in, go with two separate ones.

As for the pull out trash can, one unexpected advantage of it was that I do all of my prep above it, standing on the side of the island. I pull out the cans half way (one is behind the other) and just whisk the remains into it. Very easy clean up!
5 months ago · ·
Ljiljana Pejic Before we built our house I spent hours planing my kitchen which was allocated space 4.1 x 4.1m (my husbad said Ispent so much time on this issue, I could complete masters..) and apart from tons of magazines and books I took most of the advice from "unfitted kitchen creator" Johnny Grey. As a result, my kitchen is furnished more than fitted and it has separate work zones - for cooking, washing, prep, baking, storage, beverage acces (for my husband while I'm busy with whatever), my various collections, as well as breakfast nook; I wrote the list of all items I had & planned to get, and than 'placed' them in my new kitchen's bueprint ...tweeking the layout and sizes of elements...I have installed variety of smaller workops - hight and meterial wise; I agree with JG satement that every worktop bigger than the strech of your arms becomes storage space - and mostly ugly one!
It has been 10 years and it still works perfectly for me - and I am a passionate cook and baker!
5 months ago · ·
Joanne Cannell Designs I'm really surprised that only architects were consulted for this article, & not certified kitchen designers. The National Kitchen & Bath Association both certifies designers & publishes guidelines for kitchen & bath planning. While much of the advice in this piece was valid, some of the above points & examples conflict with the guidelines.
5 months ago · ·
rosebud3 Enzawannabee - I agree with you. Love, love, love the fourth kitchen, especially those windows!!!!
5 months ago · ·
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