Microunits Are Coming to NYC. See the Winning Design
Say goodbye to only arm-and-a-leg Manhattan rents. This plan for small prefab units opens the door to more affordable housing
Houzz Contributor. I am an architect and writer living in New York City. I have Bachelor of Architecture and Master in Urban Planning degrees, and over ten years experience in architectural practice, split between Chicago and NYC. Currently I'm focused on writing and online pursuits. My daily blog can be found at http://archidose.blogspot.com
Houzz Contributor. I am an architect and writer living in New York City.... More »
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In July 2012 New York City's Department of Housing Preservation and Development launched an adAPT NYC competition to develop a building with microunits on a city-owned lot in Manhattan's Kips Bay neighborhood. The competition was spurred by the changing demographics of the city, which now has 1.8 million one- and two-person households (comprising more than 20 percent of its 8.4 million residents) but only 1 million one-bedroom and studio apartments. Furthermore, the current zoning code restricts the size of apartments and their density (number of units per lot), making it impossible to build small units for singles and couples.
Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg announced the winner of the competition Jan. 22 at the launch of the Museum of the City of New York's Making Room exhibition, which also explores small apartments in the city through design. A team made up of Monadnock Development, the Actors Fund Housing Development Corporation and nArchitects won with their My Micro NY entry. Here are details of the winning design.
Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg announced the winner of the competition Jan. 22 at the launch of the Museum of the City of New York's Making Room exhibition, which also explores small apartments in the city through design. A team made up of Monadnock Development, the Actors Fund Housing Development Corporation and nArchitects won with their My Micro NY entry. Here are details of the winning design.
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| This pilot project will be located on a city-owned lot that will be sold to the developer, and it will ignore current zoning restrictions on apartment size and density. If the design proves successful after its planned 2015 realization, restrictions will be amended to allow smaller units and more of them on a given site. The building will be 10 stories and will occupy what is now a parking lot at the corner of East 27th Street and Mount Carmel Place, between First and Second avenues. The design by nArchitects is fairly slender, moving from a light brick facade on the street to a dark gray brick at the back of the building. A series of setbacks and subtle cantilevers responds to the city's requisite zoning envelope. While the project can ignore two zoning restrictions, it has to meet every other applicable zoning and building code, and follow other laws. |
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| What might not be apparent from the exterior rendering is that the project will be constructed of prefabricated modular units. This rendering gives an idea of how that will work; each apartment will occupy one module roughly the size of a shipping container. The modules will be constructed by Capsys at the Brooklyn Navy Yard and will basically "snap together," as Nicholas Lembo of Monadnock Development describes it. Unlike the much larger towers at the Atlantic Yards development in Brooklyn, which are also utilizing prefab modules, My Micro NY does not require a structural frame for stacking the pieces. Other than the concrete foundation and structure necessary to frame the highly transparent ground floor, the building is put together "like Legos," says Lembo. |
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| My Micro NY will consist of 55 microunits, varying in size from 250 to 370 square feet, with rents starting at $940 per month. Shared spaces will include an attic garden, a ground-floor porch, dens and a multipurpose lounge, as well as a laundry room, residential storage (a big bonus in NYC), a bike room and a fitness space. The ground floor will have a café and a mutlipurpose space for performances, lectures and other events. When I started to think about the design of small spaces, in regard to an ideabook on San Francisco's microunits, natural light was a big consideration. A long shoebox-size apartment may be efficient for laying out a building, but it means the spaces most removed from the exterior wall are dark. My Micro NY addresses this through ceilings that are 9 feet, 10 inches and windows that are 9 feet high with glass-railed Juliette balconies for opening up the apartments to the outdoors. |
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| Eric Bunge and Mimi Hoang of nArchitects describe each unit in two parts: the Toolbox and the Canvas. The toolbox consists of the bathroom, the kitchen and a long storage loft over both spaces. Whereas those pieces are fixed, the Canvas is a flexible (if small) open space that can be configured however the residents see fit. |
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| The bathroom and kitchen are efficiently planned spaces that still meet accessibility and other codes, but the success of the Canvas will require some creativity with furnishings. Murphy beds, for example, will certainly be a popular option. With a ceiling height of almost 10 feet, sleeping lofts will also be a possibility. |
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| This rendering of a unit's interior gives a sense of the two parts — Toolbox at right and Canvas at left — as well as the flexibility of the space. If the storage is moved above the bathroom and kitchen, the open space can be more easily used for both entertaining and sleeping; the Murphy bed stored between the shelves on the back wall hints at that change. These apartments are certainly not for families or pack rats. They are ideal for young people who want to move to the city but not live with five roommates. They are also great for older folks whose kids have left home and don't need as much space. Ultimately they are a means of making the city more affordable and accessible for people from all walks of life. More: More designs for microliving Small homes surprise with comfort and efficiency |
Ideabook updated on Jan. 23, 2013.
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Not quite the same scale as the one you featured, but very interesting. The units are about 270SF but feel surprisingly spacious.
vhershfield - The design you saw on TV, if it's what I'm thinking it is (full-scale mock-up) is not directly related to the "My Micro NY" design. Yes, it does give ideas for making space flexible and efficient through the design of furnishings (it is set up by a furniture company after all), but the floor plan is not the same. I'll have more on that mock-up and the rest of the Making Room exhibition soon, which should help clarify things (I'm amazed how many press outlets are making these mistakes).
olldroo - Granted, the high storage is not ideal for the "vertically challenged," but that hardly discounts the appropriateness of small apartments for older folks. If anything it points to the winning scheme's preference for younger people; look at who's in the interior rendering, after all.
And regarding the structure, even without the seismic codes of California, just about any place has codes to deal with lateral forces (wind). I can only guess, since I haven't seen documentation beyond the 6 images here. First, I'd say there is probably a core (elevators, stairs, mechanical risers) with an independent structure, most likely concrete, that would help stabilize the whole building. Second, the connection between modules is likely rigid, meaning that together they a larger structural system, rather than independent objects able to move about even slightly. Third, the setbacks may help with the lateral structure, interlocking as they rise, much like the way bricks gain strength by locking overlapping.
These are already issues people deal with living in NYC. This isn't designed for those planning to keep a great deal of things, but the vertical storage should work for storing off-season clothing. With the common spaces, larger parties likely wouldn't happen in the apartment anyway. I've seen folk make do with small space here for years (and more years). It's the way it is here.
This project is partly handled by the Actors Fund that promotes low-cost housing for performers with the city. If I understand correctly, when the residence opens there will be a share of them that will be renting for a higher cost and a certain amount rent controlled. I am unsure if the $940 is the rent controlled cost, though. One of the largest artist housing units in the city is actually combined artist and low-income (which, really, is another way of saying "artist") housing. The yearly rent there is based on one's income from the previous year. I am under the assumption that something similar will take place at this residence. If the design proves popular, private residences using it will likely spring up (and be $2400 and up, aimed at NYUers with Mommy&Daddy's Money). The low-cost housing will remain, though.
You comment in your blog above that THESE particular apartments are great for older people I was only pointing out that THESE particular apartments, because of the vertical living arrangement are not.
I think these items can be worked out and feel this would be a nice project for our smaller southern cities; where students would have more off-campus choices of affordable living.
Well designed micro spaces work so well and folks who choose to live small also tend to be less materialistic, less wasteful, less obese, and are more physically active.
When Sandy hits they will not have a basement. My reference point is the Mid west though,
and we have lots of land. Maybe a treehouse or Frank Lloyd Wright design would work better.
Also, I've heard that a certain % of these units will be offered as low cost housing ( whatever that means in Manhattan), the rest at market rates. Buyers with money might - make that will - want them as pied-a-terres. City "camping" - and for people who can jettison extraneous possessions - it comes with a certain freedom.
A film with a door swinging out is Double Indemnity. I remember it from a discussion in Film Noir class, and this guy remembers it too, pointing out a couple situations where doors swinging out are the norm: http://jpgamboa.com/archives/1424
Living in a small space makes you think about the way you live a lot more. How many people live in homes where rooms and nooks are never used? We moved from a 500 sq ft Manhattan 1 bedroom to a 1300 sq ft house in the SF Bay Area and can honestly say we maximized and used every part of that house and its front, rear and side outdoor spaces. If we hadn't had the experience in living in sub-1000 sq ft spaces previously, I doubt we would have enjoyed that house and the creative process of making it a home as much. We now live in an amazing home with Bay and bridge views and over 4,000 freakin' sq ft and I gotta say I am overwhelmed. 1/3 of the house literally sits unused. Part of me wants to subdivide it and rent out the bottom floor but my wife won't go for it.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khrushchyovka
When I saw these small living spaces in cities, all I could think of was the crowded living in the tenements in the 1800 and 1900's. Maybe it is not much different than living in a small trailer or RV. City dwellers have a different mindset and life style than we have on the prairies.
I live in a small Midwestern City. My home is an old split level of 1164 sq. ft, so not large. The basement level, where I spend most of my time, is about 250 sq. ft, but no kitchen or bath taking up the area. I need to be able to see a yard and space between our houses. Good thing we are all different.
Judgmental how?
Have read so many articles in the last six years about small house society members and those who live in small spaces in NYC, San Francisco, Paris, Rome etc that clearly note that folks who live in small spaces walk more, eat healthier and less, are less obese, know needs from wants and tend to only own things that they will use with a few wants included.And are less materialistic.
And that the money they saved from renting/buying a small place in these very expensive areas goes for travel, entertainment, fitness, and better health choices.
And the more I thought about it the more I realized these were observations I had personally observed as well when we lived in SF, Paris, Tokyo and Jerusalem.
Back in 2007 I remember the WSJ, NYTimes and a couple other publications doing pieces on storage rental places and how the folks who rented storage were mostly folks who have large enough homes but they acquired more and more stuff and had no where to put everything.
YouTube has some awesome small house videos.
http://thd.com.np/2013/01/riba-plan-of-work-2013/
The use of words like packed in like rats, sardines makes me wonder how many people posting those comments have ever traveled much less lived in places like London, Paris, Rome, Tokyo, Jerusalem, NYC, San Francisco where living is expensive.
Bear in mind that folks in these areas and outside of the states also spend more on food (non junk) than Americans. Numerous studies also show that Americans use something like 40% of the worlds natural resources yet Americans make up around 7% of the worlds population.
Granted, people in the performing arts will always need affordable housing, but my guess is these units are going to become pied a terre and corporate apartments--no way to build communities.
What I'd like to see in NYC is the kind of housing that could lure police officers and fire fighters out of the suburbs and into city neighborhoods where, hopefully, they might learn to see the rest of us as neighbors and not just criminals and impossible naifs.
The assumption is that this should be somewhat affordable for the (non existent) NYC middle class, but will actually just serve to provide a new higher price-point for cost vs value.......meaning that you will gradually pay more for less and less space n Manhattan.
A few years in a dorm room was enough for me.
Then came the Futon which seems to have replaced the Murphy bed. Then low and behold we were in a small space furniture show room and the new style Murply beds I was able to pull down and push up with one hand and little effort.
Also want to note they have energy saving stacking washer/dryer, dishwashers and other appliances for small spaces, so you do not have to feel deprived of modern conviences.
We really don't need the space we think we do. I live in 800 square feet 2 bedroom/1bath now at 48--and it's more than enough space for me and my dog--and I have a lot of stuff! Living smallish keeps me from being a hoarder but it also keeps the electric bill small--which should be important to everyone as fewer resources in the future means higher heating/cooling costs. It astounds me that people live in houses with rooms they never use. Seems so wasteful to me.
Yet, I know for a fact that many many of the new under thirty five/forty billionaires here in the high tech areas of northern California are shunning big homes, and even big cars. Big meals, and other wasteful ideas.
And you were spot on in regard to heating,cooling a smaller place saving money. The other thing I challenge people to think about came from a professor at Stanford University. Ask yourself how much is each room in your home costing you? Those little used or unused rooms you are paying for in house payments and property taxes, are they worth the money? Or would you be better off in a smaller home that is less expensive all the way around, with all rooms being used a lot?
For years I lived in an 11 room, 3,400 sq ft, 3 storey home with one other person. Then we downsized to a 9 room, 2,200 sq ft apt. I hated my job but, being too young to retire and now being alone, I had to make a choice - work to pay for space to wander around in, or downsize to be free. I chose freedom.
The day I moved in I thought "my God, what have I done". But with only $27,000 worth of renovation I have a beautiful efficient space - Murphy Bed and all! Getting rid of tons of possessions has been relief beyond description.
My Point is: Living Small is a mind-set and not a sacrifice. Life is what you make it - not how much space you occupy.
For those who do live there and like the idea of really tiny living, this may appeal. Too small for me, even though I am a fan of "Not So Big" living.
(In the interest of full disclosure, I live in 700 sq. ft. and like it. I just wouldn't want to live in a little over 1/4 of my current footprint. And certainly not in New York City.)
I once lived in a 1-bedroom apartment roughly the same size. The bedroom held a full-sized bed and a crib. The living room held a full-sized sofa, two arm chairs, a coffee table, a hope chest, a dining table and 4 chairs, a dresser and a playpen. There were also 2 small closets. Friends said I had rubber walls, but it was the floor plan that permitted all this. My only gripes were a half-refrigerator and no bathtub, just a shower.
I can't imagine fitting a fraction of that in the plan above.
In places like NYC, San Francisco, Paris, Tokyo small living areas are the norm. Unlike in the suburbs city folks are not hunkered down at home on some sofa re couch potatoes. They are out and about, at parks, dining out, walking, riding a bike, being active. Many city folks dont even own a car, but bike, use public transportation or a taxi.
Same with many of us in places like the California Sierras near Tahoe, where small homes are the norm and non working hours are spent kayaking, skiing, fly fishing, hiking etc. Better things to do than stay inside.